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What is leakage current testing?

Leakage current testing measures the current that streams from either an AC or DC circuit in a piece of equipment to the ground. It can be from the output or input. If a device isn’t properly grounded, the current flows through other paths such as the human body.

The amount of leakage current from a product is dependent on a number of things. For example, the insulating materials used, the mains voltage and whether or not it has an EMI filter. If insulation is old or damaged, this can also cause problems.

Let’s take the human body path as an example. 

Leakage current is the current that flows through you when you touch an electrical product. Leakage current testers measure how much current passes through a person when touching a device.

Skin is our main defence against electric shock. But if skin is moist this reduces its resistance. Likewise, opening the skin up will reduce your body’s ability to resist electric shock.

Leakage current testing is therefore particularly important for medical devices and products that come into contact with moist skin.

So how does a leakage current test work in this case? The tester is placed between the product and ground and acts as a simulator of the human body.